Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials

ASTM D6576

DESIGNATION DECODER
Type
1Open Cell — Sponge
2Closed Cell — Expanded
Grade
AOil + Flame Resistant
BGeneral Purpose
CLow Temp (−55°C)
Condition
SSSuper Soft >0–13.8 kPa
SSoft 13.8–34.5 kPa
SMSoft-Med 34.5–62.1 kPa
MMedium 62.1–89.6 kPa
MFMed-Firm 89.6–117.2 kPa
FFirm 117.2–172.4 kPa
Suffixes
(multi-select)
HFlexing / Comp. Set
OOdor (SAE J-1351)
WDensity (D1056)
YSulfur ≤0.60%
Preview: Select Type → Grade → Condition, then press Enter or click DECODE
EXAMPLES: 1A-SOFT 2B-MEDIUM 2A-FIRM 1C-SOFT-MEDIUM 2B-SUPER-SOFT 1A-MEDIUM-FIRM-HY 2A-SOFT-HOWY 2C-MEDIUM-W

Decoded:

Required Physical Properties — Table 1
PropertyRequirementTest MethodNotes
Optional Suffix Requirements — Table 2
Application & Procurement Notes
Table 3 — Dimensions & Tolerances

Unless otherwise specified. Molded shape tolerances per drawings, contracts, or procuring activity (§8.2).

Type 1 — Sponge Rubber (Open Cell)

FormThickness DimensionThickness Tol. ±L & W DimensionL & W Tol. ±
Sheet & Strip≤ 3.2 mm (0.125 in.)0.4 mm (0.016 in.)≤ 152 mm (6 in.)1.6 mm (0.063 in.)
>3.2 to 12.7 mm incl.0.8 mm (0.032 in.)>152 to 457 mm incl.3.2 mm (0.125 in.)
>12.7 mm1.2 mm (0.047 in.)>457 mm0.5%
Molded / Special≤ 6.4 mm0.8 mm (0.032 in.)≤ 6.4 mm0.8 mm (0.032 in.)
>6.4 to 76.2 mm incl.1.6 mm (0.063 in.)>6.4 to 76 mm incl.1.6 mm (0.063 in.)
>76 to 457 mm incl.3.2 mm (0.125 in.)
>457 mm0.5%

Type 2 — Expanded Rubber (Closed Cell)

FormThickness DimensionThickness Tol. ±L & W DimensionL & W Tol. ±
Sheet & Strip≤ 12.7 mm1.6 mm (0.063 in.)≤ 152 mm6.4 mm (0.250 in.)
>12.7 mm2.4 mm (0.094 in.)>152 to 305 mm / >305 mm9.6 mm (0.375 in.) / 3%
Molded / Special3.2 to 12.7 mm incl.1.6 mm (0.063 in.)≤ 152 mm6.4 mm (0.250 in.)
>12.7 to 38.1 mm incl.2.4 mm (0.094 in.)>152 to 305 mm incl.9.6 mm (0.375 in.)
>38.1 to 76.2 mm incl.3.2 mm (0.125 in.)>305 mm3%
Table 4 — Low-Temperature Flex-Resistance Temperatures
TypeGradeTest Temperature
1A and B−40 ± 1°C (−40 ± 2°F)
1C−55 ± 1°C (−67 ± 2°F)
2A and B−40 ± 1°C (−40 ± 2°F)
2C−55 ± 1°C (−67 ± 2°F)
Specimen Sizing — Key Test Methods
Test (Section)SpecimenThicknessKey Details
Recovery §14Round Ø 41.3 ± 1 mm6.4 – 28.6 mmSkin permitted on top/bottom. Compress 50±1% for 46 h ±30 min. Remeasure 24 h ±15 min after removal.
Flame §157±1 × 12.7±1 × 125±5 mm7 ± 1 mmHorizontal. Blue flame 38±2 mm. Apply 60±1 s; record propagation time. Avg of 3 specimens.
Shrinkage §16~300 × 75 mm; 3 specimensAs receivedBenchmarks ~250 mm apart. 7 days at 70±2°C. Condition ≥24 h before, ≥2 h after oven.
Oil Aging §18Round Ø 41.3 ± 1 mm6.4 – 28.6 mmIRM 902 oil (D471). 70 h ±30 min at 70±2°C. Blot lightly immediately after; measure volume.
Flexing — Suffix H~50 × 50 × 25 mm~25 mm250,000 cycles at 50% amplitude. Triplicate; average. Calc. comp. set per D1055 §19.

Standard test conditions (§10): 23 ± 2°C (73.4 ± 3.6°F), 50 ± 10% RH. Condition specimens ≥ 22 h prior to testing.

Warning (§19.1): Data from interlaboratory study of D6576-07, conducted 2012. Nine labs, three materials, duplicate results per lab, per Practice E691. These data shall not be rigorously applied to lot acceptance/rejection. Generate lab-specific data per E691. Research Report: ASTM RR:D20-1261.
Table 5 — Recovery: 50% Compression, 46 h @ RT, 24 h Recovery (%)
MaterialAverage x̄Repeatability s_rReproducibility s_RRepeatability Limit rReproducibility Limit R
Material A74.503 %0.9071.5782.5404.420
Material B91.467 %0.8681.0252.4302.870
Material C86.449 %0.5121.6121.4354.513
Table 6 — Oil Aging (IRM 902, 70 h @ 70°C): % Change in Volume
MaterialAverage x̄Repeatability s_rReproducibility s_RRepeatability Limit rReproducibility Limit R
Material A8.540 %0.9945.1742.78214.487
Material B6.798 %0.5553.4401.5559.631
Material C9.882 %0.5044.0601.41011.369
Table 7 — Shrinkage (7 days @ 70°C): % Change in Length & Width
MaterialAverage x̄Repeatability s_rReproducibility s_RRepeatability Limit rReproducibility Limit R
Material A2.436 %0.2930.4900.8201.372
Material B3.221 %0.2510.5870.7031.644
Material C4.218 %0.2240.5250.6281.470
Interpretation Guide
TermDefinition
Average of all laboratories' calculated averages for that material
s_rRepeatability std dev — within-lab variability under constant conditions
s_RReproducibility std dev — between-lab variability
r= 2.8 × s_r. Max acceptable difference between two results from the same lab (95% confidence)
R= 2.8 × s_R. Max acceptable difference between two results from different labs (95% confidence)
Table X2.1 — Visual Inspection

MIL STD 105 Level I. Sample unit = one sheet or molded part. AQL: 2.5 major / 6.5 total defects per 100 units.

CategoryDefectMajorMinor
AppearanceNot uniform in texture, finish, or firmness
Dirt, foreign material, embedded particles
Production defects not corrected (§6.1)
ConstructionDefects per MIL STD 293
Skin or rind not as specified
OdorObjectionable odor
Table X2.2 — Dimensional Inspection

MIL STD 105 Level S-3. AQL: 1.5% defective.

ExaminationDefect
Sheets and molded partsAny dimension varying more than ± tolerances specified in §8 / Table 3
Table X2.3 — Physical Properties Inspection

Failure to pass any requirement = cause to reject the entire lot. All results reported as averages.

PropertyReq. Ref.Test SectionSpecimensReport To:
Basic (Mandatory) Test Methods
Compression DeflectionTable 1§11 / D1056 §17-2230.1 kPa (psi)
Low-Temperature ResistanceTable 1§12 / D1056 §57-613Pass/Fail
Accelerated AgingTable 1§13 / D1056 §35-4131%
RecoveryTable 1§1431%
Flame ResistanceTable 1§15 / D63531 s
ShrinkageTable 1§1631%
Water Absorption (Type 2 only)Table 1§17 / D1056 §43-4831%
Oil AgingTable 1§18 / D47121%
OdorTable 1§20 / SAE J-13511Use rating chart
Non-Mandatory (Suffix-Triggered)
Flexing — Suffix HTable 2X1.3 / D1055 §24-263%
Free Sulfur — Suffix YTable 2X1.2 / D2973%
Apparent Density — Suffix WTable 2X1.1 / D105630.001 kg/m³
Table X2.4 — Packaging Inspection

MIL STD 105 Level I. AQL: 4.0% defective. Max box weight: 90.7 kg (200 lb).

ExamineDefect
Packaging — SheetsPaper separator sheets omitted
Packaging — Molded ShapesNot wrapped, boxed, or protected against abrasion/deformation; package or material not as specified
PackingNot per contract; wrong quantity/arrangement; nonconforming/missing components; incomplete closures; loose or inadequate strapping; bulged or distorted containers
CountLess than specified or indicated quantity
WeightGross weight exceeds requirements
MarkingsInterior/exterior markings omitted, illegible, incorrect, incomplete, or not per contract; precautionary markings missing
Required Identification Markings — §X2.1
#Required Item
1ASTM designation D6576
2Type (1 or 2)
3Grade (A, B, or C)
4Condition (Super Soft / Soft / Soft-Medium / Medium / Medium-Firm / Firm)
5NSN — National Stock Number (when applicable)
6Manufacturer's part number (when applicable)
7Contract or order number
8Manufacturer's name or trademark
9Quarter and calendar year of cure

Sheet material: one side only, rows ≤ 12.7 cm (5 in.) apart, characters ≥ 9.53 mm (0.375 in.) high.

Age control: Do NOT deliver to government when more than 4 quarters old from cure date (§X2.2).

What Is ASTM D6576?

ASTM D6576 is the Standard Classification System for Chemically Blown Cellular Rubber. It provides designation codes for sponge rubber materials produced by chemical blowing agents rather than by mechanical expansion. The standard classifies these materials by compound type, density, hardness, and compression set, enabling engineers and purchasers to specify blown cellular rubber without reference to a proprietary product name.

Chemically blown cellular rubber is commonly used in automotive sealing, HVAC duct sealing, refrigeration gaskets, and industrial gasketing where a compressible, conformable seal is needed. The standard does not restrict or encode the base elastomer in the designation — any synthetic rubber compound meeting the physical requirements may be used, except that Grade A material shall not contain natural rubber (§6.2.2).

ASTM D6576 vs ASTM D1056

D6576 and D1056 are both cellular rubber standards, but they cover different manufacturing processes. D1056 covers sponge and expanded rubber produced by any process (mechanical, physical, or chemical expansion), while D6576 specifically addresses chemically blown cellular rubber where a chemical blowing agent is incorporated into the compound and activates during cure. D6576 designations are not directly interchangeable with D1056 designations.

Reading a D6576 Designation

ElementValuesMeaning
Type1 or 21 = Open cell (sponge); 2 = Closed cell (expanded rubber)
GradeA, B, or CA = oil- and flame-resistant; B = no oil, flame, or low-temp requirement; C = low-temperature resistant (−55°C), oil and flame not required
ConditionSuper Soft, Soft, Soft-Medium, Medium, Medium-Firm, or FirmCompression-deflection range (stiffness) at 25% deflection per Table 1
Suffix letters (optional)H, O, W, YOptional requirements: H = flexing/compression set; O = odor; W = density; Y = sulfur content ≤0.60%

The D6576 designation does not encode the base elastomer type. Any qualifying synthetic rubber compound may be used. The designation fully describes cell structure, service grade, and firmness — the compounder selects the polymer to meet those performance requirements.

Common Applications for ASTM D6576 Blown Cellular Rubber

Frequently Asked Questions — ASTM D6576

What is the difference between chemically blown and mechanically expanded cellular rubber?
Chemically blown cellular rubber (classified by D6576) is made by incorporating a chemical blowing agent into the rubber compound that releases gas during vulcanization, creating the cell structure as the rubber cures. Mechanically expanded rubber uses physical processes or pre-formed gas pockets. The resulting materials differ in cell uniformity, density control, and surface skin characteristics.
Is ASTM D6576 the same as ASTM D1056?
No. D6576 specifically covers chemically blown cellular rubber, while D1056 covers a broader range of sponge and expanded rubber materials regardless of manufacturing process. Designations from these two standards are not interchangeable. When a drawing calls out a D6576 designation, the material must meet D6576 requirements specifically.
What rubber compounds are covered by ASTM D6576?
ASTM D6576 does not specify or restrict which elastomer must be used, nor does it encode the polymer type in the designation. Any synthetic rubber compound capable of meeting the physical requirements of the applicable Type, Grade, and Condition may be used. The one explicit restriction in the standard is that Grade A material shall not contain natural rubber (§6.2.2). The compounder selects the base elastomer based on the service requirements.
How is compression set used in a D6576 designation?
D6576 does not use a compression set digit in its designation. Instead, the standard specifies a Recovery requirement in Table 1: Type 1 (open cell) must recover to at least 90% of original thickness, and Type 2 (closed cell) must recover to at least 60%, both measured 24 hours after 46 hours of 50% compression at room temperature. Optional Suffix H adds a flexing/compression set requirement per D1055. The designation itself encodes only Type, Grade, and Condition — not a compression set class number.